In 1966 — one year after the Voting Rights Act became the law of the land — the Attorney General of South Carolina went to the Supreme Court to question its constitutionality. Other southern states quickly followed suit. For the first time in history, they were forced to remedy their Jim Crow voting laws — and they were not pleased.
In a landmark Supreme Court decision written by Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Court declared the law constitutional and left no room for ambiguity:
We here hold that the portions of the Voting Rights Act properly before us are a valid means for carrying out the commands of the Fifteeenth Amendment. Hopefully, millions of non-white Americans will now be able to participate for the first time on an equal basis in the government under which they live. We may finally look forward to the day when truly "[t]he right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
It was an 8-1 decision. Only Justice Hugo Black, a former member of the Ku Klux Klan and a staunch textualist, dissented.
South Carolina’s challenge was mostly aimed at Section 5, which required areas with histories of discrimination to get their election changes approved by the federal government — and which was invalidated by the Roberts Court in 2013. Notably, South Carolina did not seek to challenge Section 2 and its nationwide application.
Sixty years later, a 6-3 conservative majority did what not even South Carolina initially sought to do — it gutted Section 2 of the VRA. As difficult as it is to believe, as of Wednesday’s decision in Louisiana v. Callais, Section 2 has been rendered powerless.
To soft-peddle the decision, many in legacy media have reported that Section 2 has been “limited” or “weakened.” Now is not the time to abide by imprecision to please both sides. The conservative majority overturned decades of settled precedent and silenced the voices of minority voters along the way.
Many of us pre-mourned the Voting Rights Act for much of this year, but that doesn’t change the heartache and sadness we are feeling. It doesn’t change the reality we must contend with. The Voting Rights Act is officially dead, and the citizens of the United States are still left waiting for the day when their right to vote shall not be denied or abridged.